Which of the following processes uses a chemical to eliminate harmful organisms from nonporous surfaces?

Disinfecting refers specifically to the process of using chemicals to destroy harmful microorganisms on nonporous surfaces. This process aims to reduce the number of bacteria, viruses, and fungi to a level that is considered safe for public health by eliminating or inactivating the pathogens. Disinfectants are typically used on surfaces like countertops, tools, and equipment that do not absorb liquids, ensuring that the surfaces are free of disease-causing organisms.

Sterilizing, on the other hand, involves the complete elimination of all forms of microbial life, including spores, which is a more intensive process than disinfecting. Sanitizing is aimed at reducing the number of microorganisms to a safe level but usually does not involve the use of harsh chemicals found in disinfectants. Cleaning refers to the removal of dirt, debris, and impurities from surfaces, but does not necessarily eliminate harmful organisms. Thus, disinfecting is the correct terminology for the use of chemicals to specifically target, eliminate, and control harmful organisms on nonporous surfaces.